Articles

Seasonal march patterns of the summer rainy season in the Philippines and their long-term variability since the late twentieth century

This study investigates the seasonal march patterns of rainfall in the Philippines from 1951 to 2012 and their long-term variability. In order to clarify the dominant patterns in the seasonal march of rainfall...

Authors: Ikumi Akasaka, Hisayuki Kubota, Jun Matsumoto, Esperanza O. Cayanan, Rosalina G. de Guzman and Flaviana D. Hilario

High-resolution and high-precision correlation of dark and light layers in the Quaternary hemipelagic sediments of the Japan Sea recovered during IODP Expedition 346

The Quaternary hemipelagic sediments of the Japan Sea are characterized by centimeter- to decimeter-scale alternation of dark and light clay to silty clay, which are bio-siliceous and/or bio-calcareous to a va...

Authors: Ryuji Tada, Tomohisa Irino, Ken Ikehara, Akinori Karasuda, Saiko Sugisaki, Chuang Xuan, Takuya Sagawa, Takuya Itaki, Yoshimi Kubota, Song Lu, Arisa Seki, Richard W. Murray, Carlos Alvarez-Zarikian, William T. Anderson Jr, Maria-Angela Bassetti, Bobbi J. Brace…

Integrated tephrostratigraphy and stable isotope stratigraphy in the Japan Sea and East China Sea using IODP Sites U1426, U1427, and U1429, Expedition 346 Asian Monsoon

Integrated Ocean Drilling Program Expedition 346 “Asian Monsoon” obtained sediment successions at seven sites in the Japan Sea (Sites U1422–U1427 and U1430) and at two closely located sites in the northern Eas...

Authors: Takuya Sagawa, Yoshitaka Nagahashi, Yasufumi Satoguchi, Ann Holbourn, Takuya Itaki, Stephen J. Gallagher, Mariem Saavedra-Pellitero, Ken Ikehara, Tomohisa Irino and Ryuji Tada

Nitrogen dynamics in a highly urbanized coastal area of western Japan: impact of sewage-derived loads

In this study, we examined the nitrogen dynamics of a highly urbanized coastal area, focusing on the impacts of sewage-derived nitrogen. High levels of dissolved inorganic nitrogen were detected in seawater ne...

Authors: Mitsuyo Saito, Shin-ichi Onodera, Guangzhe Jin, Yuta Shimizu and Masanobu Taniguchi

Daily and seasonal variations in the linear growth rate of the Rayleigh-Taylor instability in the ionosphere obtained with GAIA

The linear growth rates of the Rayleigh-Taylor (R-T) instability in the ionosphere from 2011 to 2013 were obtained with a whole atmosphere-ionosphere coupled model GAIA (ground-to-topside model of atmosphere a...

Authors: Hiroyuki Shinagawa, Hidekatsu Jin, Yasunobu Miyoshi, Hitoshi Fujiwara, Tatsuhiro Yokoyama and Yuichi Otsuka

Landslides triggered by an earthquake and heavy rainfalls at Aso volcano, Japan, detected by UAS and SfM-MVS photogrammetry

Unmanned aerial systems (UASs) and structure-from-motion multi-view stereo (SfM-MVS) photogrammetry have attracted a tremendous amount of interest for use in the creation of high-definition topographic data fo...

Authors: Hitoshi Saito, Shoichiro Uchiyama, Yuichi S. Hayakawa and Hiroyuki Obanawa

Multi-instrumented observations of the equatorial F-region during June solstice: large-scale wave structures and spread-F

Typical equatorial spread-F events are often said to occur during post-sunset, equinox conditions in most longitude sectors. Recent studies, however, have found an unexpected high occurrence of ionospheric F-regi...

Authors: Fabiano S. Rodrigues, Dustin A. Hickey, Weijia Zhan, Carlos R. Martinis, Bela G. Fejer, Marco A. Milla and Juan F. Arratia

Correction to: Global terrain classification using 280 m DEMs: segmentation, clustering, and reclassification

In the publication of this article (Iwahashi et al. 2018), there was an error in Table 3 in terrain group 10, 11 and 12.

Authors: Junko Iwahashi, Izumi Kamiya, Masashi Matsuoka and Dai Yamazaki

The seasonal variations of atmospheric ^134,137Cs activity and possible host particles for their resuspension in the contaminated areas of Tsushima and Yamakiya, Fukushima, Japan

A large quantity of radionuclides was released by the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant accident in March 2011, and those deposited on ground and vegetation could return to the atmosphere through resuspens...

Authors: Takeshi Kinase, Kazuyuki Kita, Yasuhito Igarashi, Kouji Adachi, Kazuhiko Ninomiya, Atsushi Shinohara, Hiroshi Okochi, Hiroko Ogata, Masahide Ishizuka, Sakae Toyoda, Keita Yamada, Naohiro Yoshida, Yuji Zaizen, Masao Mikami, Hiroyuki Demizu and Yuichi Onda

Daytime F-region irregularity triggered by rocket-induced ionospheric hole over low latitude

Unexpected daytime F-region irregularities following the appearance of an ionospheric hole have been observed over low latitude. The irregularities developed initially above the F-region peak height (~ 360 km)...

Authors: Guozhu Li, Baiqi Ning, M. A. Abdu, Chi Wang, Yuichi Otsuka, Weixing Wan, Jiuhou Lei, Michi Nishioka, Takuya Tsugawa, Lianhuan Hu, Guotao Yang and Chunxiao Yan

Unseasonal development of post-sunset F-region irregularities over Southeast Asia on 28 July 2014: 1. Forcing from above?

This contribution is the first of a two-part investigation into an unseasonal post-sunset equatorial F-region irregularity (EFI) event over the Southeast Asian region on the evening of 28 July 2014. Ground-bas...

Authors: Brett A. Carter, S. Tulasi Ram, Endawoke Yizengaw, Rezy Pradipta, John Retterer, Robert Norman, Julie Currie, Keith Groves, Ronald Caton, Michael Terkildsen, Tatsuhiro Yokoyama and Kefei Zhang

Cold surge event observed by radiosonde observation from the research vessel “Hakuho-maru” over the Philippine Sea in December 2012

The thermal energy transfer from the sea surface to the atmosphere associated with a cold surge event was investigated with observations from radiosondes on the research vessel “Hakuho-maru” over the Philippin...

Authors: Shin-Ya Ogino, Peiming Wu, Miki Hattori, Nobuhiko Endo, Hisayuki Kubota, Tomoshige Inoue and Jun Matsumoto

Deep magnetic field stretching in numerical dynamos

The process of magnetic field stretching transfers kinetic energy to magnetic energy and thereby maintains dynamos against ohmic dissipation. Stretching at depth may play an important role in shaping the field...

Authors: Diego Peña, Hagay Amit and Katia J. Pinheiro

Reconstruction of sediment-transport pathways on a modern microtidal coast by a new grain-size trend analysis method

A new method for granulometric-parameter-based reconstruction of sediment-transport pathways is proposed and is termed P-GSTA (grain-size trend analysis using principal component analysis) herein. The main adv...

Authors: Shota Yamashita, Hajime Naruse and Takeshi Nakajo

Mass transfer in the Earth’s interior: fluid-melt interaction in aluminosilicate–C–O–H–N systems at high pressure and temperature under oxidizing conditions

Understanding what governs the speciation in the C–O–H–N system aids our knowledge of how volatiles affect mass transfer processes in the Earth’s interior. Experiments with aluminosilicate melt + C–O–H–N volat...

Authors: Bjorn Mysen

Refinement of Miocene sea level and monsoon events from the sedimentary archive of the Maldives (Indian Ocean)

International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP) Expedition 359 cored sediments from eight borehole locations in the carbonate platform of the Maldives in the Indian Ocean. The expedition set out to unravel the ti...

Authors: C. Betzler, G. P. Eberli, T. Lüdmann, J. Reolid, D. Kroon, J. J. G. Reijmer, P. K. Swart, J. Wright, J. R. Young, C. Alvarez-Zarikian, M. Alonso-García, O. M. Bialik, C. L. Blättler, J. A. Guo, S. Haffen, S. Horozal…

Land-sea surface air temperature contrast on the western coast of Sumatra Island during an active phase of the Madden-Julian Oscillation

The land-sea surface temperature contrast on the western coast of Sumatra Island was examined using observation data obtained from the pre-Years of the Maritime Continent (YMC) field campaign from November to ...

Authors: Peiming Wu, Shuichi Mori and Fadli Syamsudin

Effects of the postsunset vertical plasma drift on the generation of equatorial spread F

Equatorial spread F (ESF) irregularities are caused by plasma instability processes in the equatorial ionosphere and especially related to plasma bubble phenomena in the topside F region. Plasma bubbles result...

Authors: Chao-Song Huang

Decomposition of the large-scale atmospheric state driving downscaling: a perspective on dynamical downscaling for regional climate study

In this study, we provide a perspective on dynamical downscaling that includes a comprehensive view of multiple downscaling methods and a strategy for achieving better assessment of future regional climates. A...

Authors: Seiya Nishizawa, Sachiho A. Adachi, Yoshiyuki Kajikawa, Tsuyoshi Yamaura, Kazuto Ando, Ryuji Yoshida, Hisashi Yashiro and Hirofumi Tomita

Global terrain classification using 280 m DEMs: segmentation, clustering, and reclassification

Polygon-based terrain classification data were created globally using 280 m digital elevation models (DEMs) interpolated from the multi-error-removed improved-terrain DEM (MERIT DEM). First, area segmentation ...

Authors: Junko Iwahashi, Izumi Kamiya, Masashi Matsuoka and Dai Yamazaki

Paleo-tsunami history along the northern Japan Trench: evidence from Noda Village, northern Sanriku coast, Japan

Throughout history, large tsunamis have frequently affected the Sanriku area of the Pacific coast of the Tohoku region, Japan, which faces the Japan Trench. Although a few studies have examined paleo-tsunami d...

Authors: Taiga Inoue, Kazuhisa Goto, Yuichi Nishimura, Masashi Watanabe, Yasutaka Iijima and Daisuke Sugawara

Northern Eurasia Future Initiative (NEFI): facing the challenges and pathways of global change in the twenty-first century

During the past several decades, the Earth system has changed significantly, especially across Northern Eurasia. Changes in the socio-economic conditions of the larger countries in the region have also resulte...

Authors: Pavel Groisman, Herman Shugart, David Kicklighter, Geoffrey Henebry, Nadezhda Tchebakova, Shamil Maksyutov, Erwan Monier, Garik Gutman, Sergey Gulev, Jiaguo Qi, Alexander Prishchepov, Elena Kukavskaya, Boris Porfiriev, Alexander Shiklomanov, Tatiana Loboda, Nikolay Shiklomanov…

Global evaluation of erosion rates in relation to tectonics

Understanding the mechanisms and controlling factors of erosion rates is essential in order to sufficiently comprehend bigger processes such as landscape evolution. For decades, scientists have been researchin...

Authors: Hagar Hecht and Takashi Oguchi

Cenozoic sedimentary records of climate-tectonic coupling in the Western Himalaya

Sedimentary archives in the Himalayan foreland basin and Indus submarine fan provide the most detailed records of how changing monsoon strength may have affected erosion and the development of tectonic structu...

Authors: Peter D. Clift

Spatial pattern in stress drops of moderate-sized earthquakes on the Pacific Plate off the south-east of Hokkaido, Japan: implications for the heterogeneity of frictional properties

We show that the spatial heterogeneity in the coseismic displacement of large earthquakes likely reflects the spatial characteristics of the frictional properties and that it can be inferred from the stress dr...

Authors: Takuji Yamada, Yu Saito, Yuichiro Tanioka and Jun Kawahara

A review on the numerical simulation of equatorial plasma bubbles toward scintillation evaluation and forecasting

Equatorial plasma bubbles (EPBs) have been a longstanding and increasingly important subject because they cause severe scintillations in radio waves from Global Navigation Satellite System satellites. The phen...

Authors: Tatsuhiro Yokoyama

Regional moisture budget associated with drought/flood events over China

In this study, long-term (1961–2011) variations in the moisture budget and drought/flood events in six subregions of China are analyzed. Water vapor is mainly transported zonally during winter, while meridiona...

Authors: Shuang Qiu, Wen Zhou, Marco Yu-Ting Leung and Xiuzhen Li

Correction to: Late Holocene uplift of the Izu Islands on the northern Zenisu Ridge off Central Japan

In the publication of this article (Kitamura et al., 2017), there was an error in Fig. 11 which incorrectly indicated ‘Serpulidae sp. should instead read ‘Serpulidae.’ Italicized. It should not have indicated fig...

Authors: Akihisa Kitamura, Takafumi Imai, Yuta Mitsui, Mami Ito, Yosuke Miyairi, Yusuke Yokoyama and Yuki Tokuda

Melting phase relations in the MgSiO₃–CaSiO₃ system at 24 GPa

The Earth’s lower mantle is composed of bridgmanite, ferropericlase, and CaSiO₃-rich perovskite. The melting phase relations between each component are key to understanding the melting of the Earth’s lower mantle...

Authors: Ryuichi Nomura, Youmo Zhou and Tetsuo Irifune

High-resolution simulations of turbidity currents

We employ direct numerical simulations of the three-dimensional Navier-Stokes equations, based on a continuum formulation for the sediment concentration, to investigate the physics of turbidity currents in com...

Authors: Edward Biegert, Bernhard Vowinckel, Raphael Ouillon and Eckart Meiburg

Simulating and quantifying legacy topographic data uncertainty: an initial step to advancing topographic change analyses

Rapid technological advances, sustained funding, and a greater recognition of the value of topographic data have helped develop an increasing archive of topographic data sources. Advances in basic and applied ...

Authors: Thad Wasklewicz, Zhen Zhu and Paul Gares

Weak hydrothermal carbonation of the Ongeluk volcanics: evidence for low CO₂ concentrations in seawater and atmosphere during the Paleoproterozoic global glaciation

It was previously revealed that the total CO₂ concentration in seawater decreased during the Late Archean. In this paper, to assess the secular change of total CO₂ concentration in seawater, we focused on the Pal...

Authors: Takazo Shibuya, Tsuyoshi Komiya, Ken Takai, Shigenori Maruyama and Michael J. Russell

Late Holocene uplift of the Izu Islands on the northern Zenisu Ridge off Central Japan

To clarify the Holocene uplift history of the Izu Islands, Japan, we analyze the elevations and ¹⁴C ages of emerged sessile assemblages measured by accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) on the islands of Niijima, J...

Authors: Akihisa Kitamura, Takafumi Imai, Yuta Mitsui, Mami Ito, Yosuke Miyairi, Yusuke Yokoyama and Yuki Tokuda

Adjoint tomography of the crust and upper mantle structure beneath the Kanto region using broadband seismograms

A three-dimensional seismic wave speed model in the Kanto region of Japan was developed using adjoint tomography for application in the effective reproduction of observed waveforms. Starting with a model based...

Authors: Takayuki Miyoshi, Masayuki Obayashi, Daniel Peter, Yoko Tono and Seiji Tsuboi

Coastal sand dune ecosystem services in metropolitan suburbs: effects on the sake brewery environment induced by changing social conditions

Chiba Prefecture, Japan, lies very near Tokyo, the capital city of Japan. It borders the sea on three sides and is banded by coastal dunes. Several sake breweries are located near these dunes. Although there a...

Authors: Korehisa Kaneko and Hajime Matsushima

Tropical cyclone influence on the long-term variability of Philippine summer monsoon onset

The long-term variability of Philippine summer monsoon onset from 1903 to 2013 was investigated. The onset date is defined by daily rainfall data at eight stations in the northwestern Philippines. Summer monso...

Authors: Hisayuki Kubota, Ryuichi Shirooka, Jun Matsumoto, Esperanza O. Cayanan and Flaviana D. Hilario

Distribution, morphology, and morphometry of circular mounds in the elongated basin of northern Terra Sirenum, Mars

An elongated, flat-floored basin, located in the northern part of Terra Sirenum on Mars, holds numerous enigmatic mounds (100 m wide) on the surface of its floor. We investigated their geological context, spat...

Authors: Ryodo Hemmi and Hideaki Miyamoto

Acoustic water bottom investigation with a remotely operated watercraft survey system

This paper describes a remotely operated investigation system developed by combining a modern leisure-use fish finder and an unmanned watercraft to survey water bottom topography and other data related to bott...

Authors: Shintaro Yamasaki, Tomonori Tabusa, Shunsuke Iwasaki and Masahiro Hiramatsu

Mars core structure—concise review and anticipated insights from InSight

This review summarizes the knowledge of Mars’ interior structure, its inferred composition, and the anticipated seismological properties arising from its composition with particular focus on Mars’ core. The em...

Authors: George Helffrich

Potential impact of sea surface temperature on rainfall over the western Philippines

The study used a 5 km-resolution regional climate model, the Advanced Research Weather Research and Forecasting Model, to quantify the potential impact of sea surface temperature (SST) west of the Philippines ...

Authors: Julie Mae B. Dado and Hiroshi G. Takahashi

Feasibility of a magma ocean dynamo on Mars

Crustal magnetization of rocks in regions of Mars surface testifies to an era of dynamo activity. I examine the possibility that the dynamo that operated then, in the first 400–600 Ma after Mars formed, was po...

Authors: George Helffrich

Seasonal modulation of the Asian summer monsoon between the Medieval Warm Period and Little Ice Age: a multi model study

Instrumental and proxy records indicate remarkable global climate variability over the last millennium, influenced by solar irradiance, Earth’s orbital parameters, volcanic eruptions and human activities. Nume...

Authors: Youichi Kamae, Toshi Kawana, Megumi Oshiro and Hiroaki Ueda

Possible climate preconditioning on submarine landslides along a convergent margin, Nankai Trough (NE Pacific)

Submarine landslides are major agents of sediment mass transfer from the shallow to deep sea. Due to their rapid emplacement and tsunamigenic potential, such landslides are significant geohazards for society a...

Authors: Katrina Kremer, Muhammed O. Usman, Yasufumi Satoguchi, Yoshitaka Nagahashi, Sunil Vadakkepuliyambatta, Giuliana Panieri and Michael Strasser

Shigaraki UAV-Radar Experiment (ShUREX): overview of the campaign with some preliminary results

The Shigaraki unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-Radar Experiment (ShUREX) is an international (USA-Japan-France) observational campaign, whose overarching goal is to demonstrate the utility of small, lightweight, ...

Authors: Lakshmi Kantha, Dale Lawrence, Hubert Luce, Hiroyuki Hashiguchi, Toshitaka Tsuda, Richard Wilson, Tyler Mixa and Masanori Yabuki

Structural context and variation of ocean plate stratigraphy, Franciscan Complex, California: insight into mélange origins and subduction-accretion processes

The transfer (accretion) of materials from a subducting oceanic plate to a subduction-accretionary complex has produced rock assemblages recording the history of the subducted oceanic plate from formation to a...

Authors: John Wakabayashi

The effect of slight thinning of managed coniferous forest on landscape appreciation and psychological restoration

We investigated the influence of slight thinning (percentage of woods: 16.6%, basal area: 9.3%) on landscape appreciation and the psychological restorative effect of an on-site setting by exposing respondents ...

Authors: Norimasa Takayama, Haruo Saito, Akio Fujiwara and Masahiro Horiuchi

Feasibility of retrieving dust properties and total column water vapor from solar spectra measured using a lander camera on Mars

Dust and water vapor are important constituents in the Martian atmosphere, exerting significant influence on the heat balance of the atmosphere and surface. We have developed a method to retrieve optical and p...

Authors: Naohiro Manago, Katsuyuki Noguchi, George L. Hashimoto, Hiroki Senshu, Naohito Otobe, Makoto Suzuki and Hiroaki Kuze

Eigenvector of gravity gradient tensor for estimating fault dips considering fault type

The dips of boundaries in faults and caldera walls play an important role in understanding their formation mechanisms. The fault dip is a particularly important parameter in numerical simulations for hazard ma...

Authors: Shigekazu Kusumoto

The responses of the four main substitution mechanisms of H in olivine to H₂O activity at 1050 °C and 3 GPa

Authors: Peter M. E. Tollan, Rachel Smith, Hugh St.C. O’Neill and Jörg Hermann

Outcomes and challenges of global high-resolution non-hydrostatic atmospheric simulations using the K computer

This article reviews the major outcomes of a 5-year (2011–2016) project using the K computer to perform global numerical atmospheric simulations based on the non-hydrostatic icosahedral atmospheric model (NICA...

Authors: Masaki Satoh, Hirofumi Tomita, Hisashi Yashiro, Yoshiyuki Kajikawa, Yoshiaki Miyamoto, Tsuyoshi Yamaura, Tomoki Miyakawa, Masuo Nakano, Chihiro Kodama, Akira T. Noda, Tomoe Nasuno, Yohei Yamada and Yoshiki Fukutomi