Articles

Correction to: Half-graben inversion tectonics revealed by gravity modeling in the Mikawa Bay region, Central Japan

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article.

Authors: Ayumu Miyakawa, Tomoya Abe, Tatsuya Sumita and Makoto Otsubo

Increase of organic carbon burial response to mangrove expansion in the Nanliu River estuary, South China Sea

Due to high productivity, periodic submersion, and rapid sedimentation rate, mangroves are important carbon sinks in tropical-subtropical coastal zones. Mangrove expansion can significantly enhance burial carb...

Authors: Tao Liu, Shengfa Liu, Bin Wu, Huipeng Xu and Hui Zhang

Phylogenetic positions of “pico-sized” radiolarians from middle layer waters of the tropical Pacific

In order to determine whether truly pico-sized adult radiolarians exist, we compared spumellarian sequences from individual adult samples collected in the central Pacific, with filtered sea water samples of ju...

Authors: Luyan Li and Kazuyoshi Endo

Model improvement and future projection of permafrost processes in a global land surface model

To date, the treatment of permafrost in global climate models has been simplified due to the prevailing uncertainties in the processes involving frozen ground. In this study, we improved the modeling of permaf...

Authors: Tokuta Yokohata, Kazuyuki Saito, Kumiko Takata, Tomoko Nitta, Yusuke Satoh, Tomohiro Hajima, Tetsuo Sueyoshi and Go Iwahana

Development of Integrated Land Simulator

Accurate simulations of land processes are crucial for many purposes, such as climate simulation, weather, flood, and drought prediction, and climate change impact assessment studies. In this paper, we present...

Authors: Tomoko Nitta, Takashi Arakawa, Misako Hatono, Akira Takeshima and Kei Yoshimura

Future dynamic sea level change in the western subtropical North Pacific associated with ocean heat uptake and heat redistribution by ocean circulation under global warming

In the present study, the relative importance of ocean heat uptake and heat redistribution on future sea level changes in the western North Pacific has been reconciled based on a set of climate model experimen...

Authors: Tatsuo Suzuki and Hiroaki Tatebe

In situ occurrence of Muong Nong-type Australasian tektite fragments from the Quaternary deposits near Huai Om, northeastern Thailand

There are several reports of Australasian tektites found within a stratum called “laterite” layer widely distributed in Indochina. However, it has been debated whether these tektites are in situ or reworked. T...

Authors: Toshihiro Tada, Ryuji Tada, Praphas Chansom, Wickanet Songtham, Paul A. Carling and Eiichi Tajika

Correction to: A full sequence of the Matuyama–Brunhes geomagnetic reversal in the Chiba composite section, Central Japan

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article.

Authors: Yuki Haneda, Makoto Okada, Yusuke Suganuma and Takahiro Kitamura

Two decades of Earth system modeling with an emphasis on Model for Interdisciplinary Research on Climate (MIROC)

The past 20 years of research using Earth system models (ESMs) is reviewed with an emphasis on results from the ESM based on MIROC (Model for Interdisciplinary Research on Climate) developed in Japan. Earth sy...

Authors: Michio Kawamiya, Tomohiro Hajima, Kaoru Tachiiri, Shingo Watanabe and Tokuta Yokohata

Half-graben inversion tectonics revealed by gravity modeling in the Mikawa Bay Region, Central Japan

The Mikawa Bay Region, central Japan, is characterized by many active faults recording Quaternary activities. It is, however, difficult to understand the overall tectonic character of the region due to a thick...

Authors: Ayumu Miyakawa, Tomoya Abe, Tatsuya Sumita and Makoto Otsubo

Effect of hydraulic and mechanical characteristics of sediment layers on water film formation in submarine landslides

Through two lab-scale experiments, we investigated the hydraulic and mechanical characteristics of sediment layers during water film formation, induced by elevated pore pressure—considered one of the triggers ...

Authors: Shogo Kawakita, Daisuke Asahina, Takato Takemura, Hinako Hosono and Keiji Kitajima

Biotic and environmental changes in the Panthalassa Ocean across the Norian (Late Triassic) impact event

Stratigraphic records of impact ejecta preserved in a pelagic deep-sea setting occur within Upper Triassic successions of the subduction-generated accretionary complexes of central Japan. A significant biotic ...

Authors: Honami Sato, Yutaro Takaya, Kazutaka Yasukawa, Koichiro Fujinaga, Tetsuji Onoue and Yasuhiro Kato

Integrated Pliocene-Pleistocene magnetostratigraphy and tephrostratigraphy of deep-sea sediments at IODP Site U1424 (Yamato Basin, Japan Sea)

Sediments from the semi-enclosed Japan Sea are sensitive to paleoclimatic perturbations and they offer great opportunities for many regional and global paleoceanographic and paleoclimatic studies. These studie...

Authors: Chuang Xuan, Yuxi Jin, Saiko Sugisaki, Yasufumi Satoguchi and Yoshitaka Nagahashi

Development of a global sediment dynamics model

Sediment dynamics play an important role in various aspects of earth system modeling. In this study, we developed a global sediment dynamics model that considers suspended sediment and bedload at short timesca...

Authors: Misako Hatono and Kei Yoshimura

d4PDF: large-ensemble and high-resolution climate simulations for global warming risk assessment

A large-ensemble climate simulation database, which is known as the database for policy decision-making for future climate changes (d4PDF), was designed for climate change risk assessments. Since the completio...

Authors: Masayoshi Ishii and Nobuhito Mori

A coupled core-mantle evolution: review and future prospects

In this review, I provide the current status and future prospects for the coupled core-mantle evolution and specifically summarize the constraints arising from geomagnetism and paleomagnetism on the long-term ...

Authors: Takashi Nakagawa

Future projection of greenhouse gas emissions due to permafrost degradation using a simple numerical scheme with a global land surface model

The Yedoma layer, a permafrost layer containing a massive amount of underground ice in the Arctic regions, is reported to be rapidly thawing. In this study, we develop the Permafrost Degradation and Greenhouse...

Authors: Tokuta Yokohata, Kazuyuki Saito, Akihiko Ito, Hiroshi Ohno, Katsumasa Tanaka, Tomohiro Hajima and Go Iwahana

Preface for article collection “Evolution and variability of Asian Monsoon and its linkage with Cenozoic global cooling”

Authors: Ryuji Tada, Christian Betzler and Peter D. Clift

Biogeophysical and biogeochemical impacts of land-use change simulated by MIROC-ES2L

Land-use change is one of the focal processes in Earth system models because it has strong impacts on terrestrial biogeophysical and biogeochemical conditions. However, modeling land-use impacts is still chall...

Authors: Akihiko Ito and Tomohiro Hajima

Millennial paleotsunami history at Minna Island, southern Ryukyu Islands, Japan

Huge tsunami waves have repeatedly bombarded the southern end of the Ryukyu Islands (Miyako and Yaeyama Islands, southwestern Japan) at several-hundred-year intervals. Therefore, clarifying the islands’ paleot...

Authors: Ryosuke Fujita, Kazuhisa Goto, Yasufumi Iryu and Tomoya Abe

New findings on submerged patch reefs and reefal carbonate rocks at water depths of 70–100 m on the insular shelf off Miyako-jima, southern Ryukyus, Japan

Sub-bottom profiling (SBP) surveys and bathymetric mapping conducted off the shore of Miyako-jima, which belongs to the southern Ryukyus in the Ryukyu Island Arc, have revealed the presence of mound-shaped str...

Authors: Takahiko Inoue and Kohsaku Arai

Identification of hydrogeological evolution using hydrogeology-seismology analysis of groundwater head fluctuation related to the 1999 M_W = 7.5 Chi-Chi earthquake

At 1:47 a.m. on September 21, 1999, the M_w 7.5 Chi-Chi earthquake struck Taiwan. The purpose of this study is to (1) apply multiple spatiotemporal-frequency analysis to filter the post-seismic change in groundwat...

Authors: Chien-Lin Huang, Nien-Sheng Hsu, Chun-Hao Yao and Gene J.-Y. You

A new insight into isotopic fractionation associated with decarboxylation in organisms: implications for amino acid isotope approaches in biogeoscience

Stable nitrogen (¹⁵N/¹⁴N) and carbon (¹³C/¹²C) isotopic compositions of amino acids in organisms have widely been employed as a powerful tool to evaluate resource utilization and trophic connection among organism...

Authors: Yuko Takizawa, Yoshinori Takano, Bohyung Choi, Prarthana S. Dharampal, Shawn A. Steffan, Nanako O. Ogawa, Naohiko Ohkouchi and Yoshito Chikaraishi

Visualization of the morphology and mode of occurrence of Cenomanian rudists within a drillcore by X-ray CT scanning and 3D modeling

Rudists are a group of bizarrely shaped marine bivalves that lived in the Tethys Ocean from the Late Jurassic to the latest Cretaceous. They are morphologically variable, including snail-like, cup-like, and ho...

Authors: Motoyoshi Yamanaka, Shin-ichi Sano, Hamad Bu Alrougha Al Zaabi, Hiroshi Fujioka and Yasufumi Iryu

Correction to: Calcareous nannofossil biostratigraphy of the Lower–Middle Pleistocene boundary of the GSSP, Chiba composite section in the Kokumoto Formation, Kazusa Group, central Japan, and implications for sea-surface environmental changes

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article.

Authors: Koji Kameo, Yoshimi Kubota, Yuki Haneda, Yusuke Suganuma and Makoto Okada

Bubbles to Chondrites-I. Evaporation and condensation experiments, and formation of chondrules

We propose a simple model of chondrule formation that is supported by our new experiments. With a laser-heating and inert-gas-cooling technique, we obtained evaporation and condensation pathways starting with ...

Authors: Yuki Nakano and Akihiko Hashimoto

Sedimentation and sediment geochemistry in a tropical mangrove channel meander, Sungai Kerteh, Peninsular Malaysia

Tropical mangrove swamps are commonly characterized by dense networks of tidal channels that may show pronounced meandering and dendritic patterns. Channel meanders are sometimes accompanied by cut-offs, and, ...

Authors: Hasrizal Shaari, Qatrunnada Mohd Nasir, Hui-Juan Pan, Che Abd Rahim Mohamed, Abdul Hafidz Yusoff, Wan Mohd Afiq Wan Mohd Khalik, Erick Naim, Riza Yuliratno Setiawan and Edward J. Anthony

A full sequence of the Matuyama–Brunhes geomagnetic reversal in the Chiba composite section, Central Japan

Geological records of the Matuyama–Brunhes (M–B) geomagnetic reversal facilitate the development of an age model for sedimentary and volcanic sequences and help decipher the dynamics of the Earth’s magnetic fi...

Authors: Yuki Haneda, Makoto Okada, Yusuke Suganuma and Takahiro Kitamura

Self-similar stochastic slip distributions on a non-planar fault for tsunami scenarios for megathrust earthquakes

Megathrust earthquakes that occur repeatedly along the plate interface of subduction zones can cause severe damage due to strong ground motion and the destructive tsunamis they can generate. We developed a set...

Authors: Masaru Nakano, Shane Murphy, Ryoichiro Agata, Yasuhiko Igarashi, Masato Okada and Takane Hori

Saildrone-observed atmospheric boundary layer response to winter mesoscale warm spot along the Kuroshio south of Japan

Using an unmanned sailing vehicle, known as a Saildrone, we observed mesoscale and smaller scale structures of oceanic and atmospheric variables across the Kuroshio south of Japan during the winter of 2018/201...

Authors: Akira Nagano and Kentaro Ando

Evaluation of aerosol iron solubility over Australian coastal regions based on inverse modeling: implications of bushfires on bioaccessible iron concentrations in the Southern Hemisphere

Mineral dust is the major source of external micro-nutrients such as iron (Fe) to the open ocean. However, large uncertainties in model estimates of Fe emissions and aerosol-bearing Fe solubility (i.e., the ra...

Authors: Akinori Ito, Morgane M. G. Perron, Bernadette C. Proemse, Michal Strzelec, Melanie Gault-Ringold, Philip W. Boyd and Andrew R. Bowie

Boring bivalve traces in modern reef and deeper-water macroid and rhodolith beds

Macroids and rhodoliths, made by encrusting acervulinid foraminifera and coralline algae, are widely recognized as bioengineers providing relatively stable microhabitats and increasing biodiversity for other s...

Authors: Davide Bassi, Juan C. Braga, Masato Owada, Julio Aguirre, Jere H. Lipps, Hideko Takayanagi and Yasufumi Iryu

Millennium time-scale experiments on climate-carbon cycle with doubled CO₂ concentration

Earth system models (ESMs) are commonly used for simulating the climate–carbon (C) cycle and for projecting future global warming. While ESMs are most often applied to century-long climate simulations, millenn...

Authors: Tomohiro Hajima, Akitomo Yamamoto, Michio Kawamiya, Xuanming Su, Michio Watanabe, Rumi Ohgaito and Hiroaki Tatebe

Typhoon-induced precipitation characterization over northern Japan: a case study for typhoons in 2016

In August 2016, northern Japan was stuck by apparently unusual occurrence of the landfall of four typhoons and experienced record-breaking heavy precipitations. This study analyzed the extreme precipitations c...

Authors: Sridhara Nayak and Tetsuya Takemi

Global and Arctic effective radiative forcing of anthropogenic gases and aerosols in MRI-ESM2.0

The effective radiative forcing (ERF) of anthropogenic gases and aerosols under present-day conditions relative to preindustrial conditions is estimated using the Meteorological Research Institute Earth System...

Authors: Naga Oshima, Seiji Yukimoto, Makoto Deushi, Tsuyoshi Koshiro, Hideaki Kawai, Taichu Y. Tanaka and Kohei Yoshida

Spatial and temporal variations in depositional systems in the Kazusa Group: insights into the origins of deep-water massive sandstones in a Pleistocene forearc basin on the Boso Peninsula, Japan

A detailed chronostratigraphic framework established by the mapping of tephra key beds and application of oxygen isotopic data allows assessment of the synchroneity and diachroneity of depositional systems for...

Authors: Akihiko Takao, Keisuke Nakamura, Shinichi Takaoka, Masaya Fuse, Yohei Oda, Yasushi Shimano, Naohisa Nishida and Makoto Ito

Calcareous nannofossil biostratigraphy of the Lower–Middle Pleistocene boundary of the GSSP, Chiba composite section in the Kokumoto Formation, Kazusa Group, central Japan, and implications for sea-surface environmental changes

The Chiba composite section (CbCS), in the middle of the Boso Peninsula in central Japan, was ratified as the Global Boundary Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP) for the Lower–Middle Pleistocene boundary, acco...

Authors: Koji Kameo, Yoshimi Kubota, Yuki Haneda, Yusuke Suganuma and Makoto Okada

A paleomagnetic record of the early Matuyama chron including the Réunion subchron and the onset Olduvai boundary: High-resolution magnetostratigraphy and insights from transitional geomagnetic fields

We present a novel paleomagnetic record for the lower Matuyama chronozone, which includes the Réunion subchronozone and the lower Olduvai polarity reversal, from a continuous section of a 168-m-thick on-land m...

Authors: Takumi Konishi and Makoto Okada

Assessing the effects of climate change on flood inundation in the lower Mekong Basin using high-resolution AGCM outputs

Climate change currently affects the resilience and aquatic ecosystem. Climate change alters rainfall patterns which have a great impact on river flow. Annual flooding is an important hydrological characterist...

Authors: Sophal Try, Shigenobu Tanaka, Kenji Tanaka, Takahiro Sayama, Giha Lee and Chantha Oeurng

A development of reduction scenarios of the short-lived climate pollutants (SLCPs) for mitigating global warming and environmental problems

This study presents the results of the ERTDF S-12 project for searching an optimum reduction scenario of the short-lived climate pollutants (SLCPs) to simultaneously mitigate the global warming and environment...

Authors: Teruyuki Nakajima, Toshimasa Ohara, Toshihiko Masui, Toshihiko Takemura, Kei Yoshimura, Daisuke Goto, Tatsuya Hanaoka, Syuichi Itahashi, Gakuji Kurata, Jun-ichi Kurokawa, Takashi Maki, Yuji Masutomi, Makiko Nakata, Tomoko Nitta, Xerxes Seposo, Kengo Sudo…

Compositional variations along the route of Chang’e-3 Yutu rover revealed by the lunar penetrating radar

Using the high-frequency lunar penetrating radar data obtained by the Chang’e-3 mission, we apply the frequency-shift method to calculate the decay rate of the electromagnetic wave in the regolith-like ejecta ...

Authors: Chunyu Ding, Zhiyong Xiao, Yan Su, Jiannan Zhao and Jun Cui

Mapping simulated circum-Arctic organic carbon, ground ice, and vulnerability of ice-rich permafrost to degradation

Permafrost is a large reservoir of soil organic carbon, accounting for about half of all the terrestrial storage, almost equivalent to twice the atmospheric carbon storage. Hence, permafrost degradation under ...

Authors: Kazuyuki Saito, Hirokazu Machiya, Go Iwahana, Hiroshi Ohno and Tokuta Yokohata

Reconstruction of monsoon evolution in southernmost Sumatra over the past 35 kyr and its response to northern hemisphere climate changes

Reconstruction of monsoon evolution in the tropical Indian Ocean and evaluation of its influence on large-scale ocean circulation and sea-air interaction processes can help us understand climate driving mechan...

Authors: Shengfa Liu, Hui Zhang, Xuefa Shi, Min-Te Chen, Peng Cao, Ziye Li, Rainer Arief Troa, Rina Zuraida, Eko Triarso and Hendrizan Marfasran

Detection of the Oyashio and Kuroshio fronts under the projected climate change in the 21st century

We evaluate the Oyashio and Kuroshio fronts latitudinal transition under the projected climate change scenarios using eddy resolving regional ocean climate projection products from 1981 to 2100. The regional o...

Authors: Haruka Nishikawa, Shiro Nishikawa, Hiroshi Ishizaki, Tsuyoshi Wakamatsu and Yoichi Ishikawa

The dynamic evolution of compaction bands in highly porous carbonates: the role of local heterogeneity for nucleation and propagation

The formation of compaction bands in porous brittle rocks such as sandstones and carbonates has a significant impact on the localization mechanisms preceding earth and planetary surface instabilities such as e...

Authors: Xiao Chen, Hamid Roshan, Adelina Lv, Manman Hu and Klaus Regenauer-Lieb

Scalability of future climate changes across Japan examined with large-ensemble simulations at + 1.5 K, +2 K, and + 4 K global warming levels

Large-ensemble climate experiments were performed to simulate future climates for a + 1.5 K rise in the global mean surface air temperatures relative to preindustrial levels as a subset of the database for Pol...

Authors: Masaya Nosaka, Masayoshi Ishii, Hideo Shiogama, Ryo Mizuta, Akihiko Murata, Hiroaki Kawase and Hidetaka Sasaki

A centennial-resolution terrestrial climatostratigraphy and Matuyama–Brunhes transition record from a loess sequence in China

Terrestrial records of the last geomagnetic reversal often have few age constraints. Chronostratigraphy using suborbital-scale paleoceanic events during marine isotope stage 19 may contribute to solving this p...

Authors: Masayuki Hyodo, Kenta Banjo, Tianshui Yang, Shigehiro Katoh, Meinan Shi, Yuki Yasuda, Jun-ichi Fukuda, Masako Miki and Balázs Bradák

Ocean carbon pump decomposition and its application to CMIP5 earth system model simulations

The ocean stores 60 times as much carbon as the atmosphere, and the ocean carbon cycle has a critical role in controlling atmospheric CO₂ concentration. The concept of ocean carbon pump is widely used for describ...

Authors: Akira Oka

Spatial accuracy assessment of unmanned aerial vehicle-based structures from motion multi-view stereo photogrammetry for geomorphic observations in initiation zones of debris flows, Ohya landslide, Japan

Fluctuations in sediment storage arising from sediment discharge and recharge in headwater channels are an important factor influencing changes in landforms in mountainous areas, but the frequency of surveys i...

Authors: Haruka Tsunetaka, Norifumi Hotta, Yuichi S. Hayakawa and Fumitoshi Imaizumi

The sound velocity of wüstite at high pressures: implications for low-velocity anomalies at the base of the lower mantle

The longitudinal sound velocity (V_P) and the density (ρ) of wüstite, FeO, were measured at pressures of up to 112.3 GPa and temperatures of up to 1700 K using both inelastic X-ray scattering and X-ray diffraction...

Authors: Ryosuke Tanaka, Tatsuya Sakamaki, Eiji Ohtani, Hiroshi Fukui, Seiji Kamada, Akio Suzuki, Satoshi Tsutsui, Hiroshi Uchiyama and Alfred Q. R. Baron