Fig. 13
From: Review of the Early–Middle Pleistocene boundary and Marine Isotope Stage 19
Orbital and climatic characteristics of MIS 19 (blue) and the present interglacial MIS 1 (red) compared. (a–c) Orbital configurations and (b) insolation for MIS 19 and past and future MIS 1 (Laskar et al. 2004). (d) δD composition of ice in the EPICA Dome C ice core as a proxy for Antarctic surface temperature (Jouzel et al. 2007). (e) Antarctic ice-core CO2 values from the 0–800 kyr BP composite record of Bereiter et al. (2015, supplementary data) and show MIS 1 and MIS 19 in close alignment through the Early Holocene. (f) LR04 benthic stack of Lisiecki and Raymo (2005) showing lighter values for MIS 1, beginning ~ 11,000 years before present. Adapted from fig. 3 of Tzedakis et al. (2012b)