Fig. 12
From: Nationwide urban ground deformation in Japan for 15 years detected by ALOS and Sentinel-1
Deformation in 154 Kashiwazaki, Niigata. a and b are the vertical deformation velocities derived from ALOS and Sentinel-1, respectively. The black dashed lines are the boundaries of the DID. The black solid lines denote the 5 mm/year contour lines without the 0 mm/year lines. The gray areas in b denote the rice paddy fields. c The LOS deformation time series at P1541 and P1542 derived from ALOS (2006–2011, large circles) and Sentinel-1 (2014–2020, small rectangles) data. d and e are the coseismic interferograms associated with the Mw 6.6 Niigata-ken Chuetsu-oki earthquake on July 16, 2007, in the ascending (June 14–July 30, 2007) and descending (January 16–July 19, 2007) orbits, respectively. The black arrows indicate the locations of the edges of the subsidiary faults. The insets show the wider area containing the broad coseismic deformation and the red stars denote the epicenter of the earthquake. f The hill shade map