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Table 2 Survey locations, survey dates, and deposits in each area

From: Sedimentary diversity of the 2011 Tohoku-oki tsunami deposits on the Sendai coastal plain and the northern coast of Fukushima Prefecture, Japan

Area

Location

GPS coordinates

Distance (m)

Thickness (cm)

Description

Tsunami deposit

Underlying soil

Overlying mud drape

Survey Date

Latitude

Longitude

Mean grain size (phi)

Mud content (%)

Mean grain-size (phi)

Mud content (%)

Mean grain-size (phi)

Mud content (%)

Onuma

ON1

38.228889

140.982611

918

13

Lower c. sand and upper vf. sand layers including mud clast at the bottom and muddy thin layer at the middle with a mud drape

      

May 2011

ON2

38.229500

140.981556

1042

14

Lower m.–c. sand and upper vf.–f. sand layers including mud clast at the middle with a mud drape

      

May 2011

ON3

38.230361

140.980000

1220

10

Repetition of m. sand and muddy sand layers showing upward fining nearly at the top with a thin mud drape

      

May 2011

ON4

38.231111

140.978611

1369

10

Repetition of f.–m. sand and muddy sand layers with a thin mud drape

      

May 2011

ON5

38.231722

140.977444

1496

7

Repetition of f.–m. sand and muddy sand layers with a thin mud drape

      

May 2011

ON6

38.232667

140.975750

1676

8

Repetition of m. sand and muddy sand layers with a thin mud drape

      

May 2011

ON7

38.233389

140.974528

1825

7

Repetition of f.–m. sand and muddy sand layers with a thin mud drape

      

May 2011

ON8

38.234333

140.972861

2010

2

F. sand with a thin mud drape

      

May 2011

ON9

38.241611

140.967639

2846

3

Graded f. sand with a thin mud drape

      

Apr. 2011

ON10

38.242639

140.966222

3018

0.3

Interbedded layers of thin sand and mud

      

Apr. 2011

ON11

38.242889

140.965722

3066

3

Repetition of f. sand and muddy sand layers

      

Apr. 2011

ON12

38.243083

140.965528

3101

3

Thin f. sand layer with a mud drape

      

Apr. 2011

ON13

38.243694

140.964444

3220

2

Muddy f. sand with a mud drape

      

Apr. 2011

ON14

38.244000

140.963833

3282

2.3

Thin vf.–f. sand layers with a mud drape

      

Apr. 2011

ON15

38.244333

140.963333

3351

2

Mud drape

      

Apr. 2011

ON16

38.244611

140.957833

3769

0.2

Mud drape

      

Apr. 2011

ON17

38.245222

140.955056

4030

≈0

Inland limit of the mud drape extent

      

Apr. 2011

Arahama

AR1

38.215278

140.982083

262

17

*

1.38

2.66

1.48

38.96

  

May 2011

AR2

38.218194

140.978389

687

4

C. sand including gravels with thin fine sand layer at the top

      

May 2011

AR3

38.218194

140.978389

697

9

*

0.74

4.43

1.34

7.85

  

May 2011

AR4

38.218444

140.978333

722

5

C. sand graded upward into f.–m. sand with a thin mud drape

      

May 2011

AR5

38.218444

140.978333

731

9

Repetition of graded layers (c. sand into m. sand) including rip-up clast

      

May 2011

AR6

38.218444

140.978333

740

5

C. sand graded upward into m.–c. sand

      

May 2011

AR7

38.219472

140.974806

1052

5

C. sand graded upward into m.–c. sand including shell fragments at the bottom with a thin mud drape

      

May 2011

AR8

38.220000

140.974333

1118

6

*

1.45

3.11

1.37

22.37

  

May 2011

AR9

38.222583

140.969083

1661

13

*

1.85

40.97

1.53

28.00

  

Apr. 2011

AR10

38.222639

140.967556

1784

11

*

1.94

31.77

1.37

12.55

  

Apr. 2011

AR11

38.224361

140.960944

2366

6.5

*

2.50

62.67

1.68

29.15

  

Apr. 2011

AR12

38.225139

140.958528

2615

6.5

Mud drape

      

Apr. 2011

AR13

38.226167

140.954417

2985

4

*

2.06

56.04

1.62

43.23

  

Apr. 2011

AR14

38.226361

140.953694

3039

2

F.–m. sand with a mud drape

      

Apr. 2011

AR15

38.226389

140.953389

3080

1

Mud drape

      

Apr. 2011

AR16

38.226361

140.950833

3267

1

Mud drape including f.–m. sand grains

      

Apr. 2011

AR17

38.226472

140.950861

3279

0.5

Mud drape including f.–m. sand patches

      

Apr. 2011

AR18

38.226722

140.949444

3388

0.2

Thin mud drape

      

Apr. 2011

AR19

38.227056

140.948500

3487

0.2

Thin mud drape

      

Apr. 2011

AR20

38.227472

140.947028

3617

0.1

Thin mud drape

      

Apr. 2011

AR21

38.227750

140.945722

3744

0

No deposit

      

Apr. 2011

Natori

NT1

38.147250

140.930083

1561

6

C. sand graded upward into f. sand showing laminations with a thin mud drape

      

May 2011

NT2

38.147250

140.930083

1579

5

C. sand between thin m. sand layers showing laminations with a thin mud drape

      

May 2011

NT3

38.147778

140.928694

1693

8

C. sand including gravels graded upward into m.–c. sand with a mud drape

      

May 2011

NT4

38.147778

140.928694

1714

10

C. sand including gravels graded upward into m.–c. sand with a mud drape

      

May 2011

NT5

38.143167

140.926583

1730

18

F.–m. sand inversely graded upward into m.–c. sand including gravels at the middle

      

May 2011

NT6

38.142944

140.925667

1782

1

M.–c. sand

      

May 2011

NT7

38.142944

140.925667

1813

10

Repetition of graded layers of c. sand into m.–c. sand with intercalated layers of heavy mineral concentration

      

May 2011

NT8

38.148611

140.926917

1884

9

Lower c. sand graded upward into muddy f. sand including mud clast, and upper f. sand with a mud drape including plant fragments

      

May 2011

NT9

38.148611

140.926917

1895

14

F.–m. sand inversely graded upward into well-laminated m. sand, then graded into f.–m. sand with a mud drape

      

May 2011

NT10

38.143417

140.922528

2052

9

*

1.19

1.29

1.29

4.27

  

May 2011

NT11

38.148111

140.912250

3113

2

Mud drape

      

Apr. 2011

NT12

38.144139

140.909333

3210

2.3

M. sand with a thin mud drape

      

Apr. 2011

NT13

38.148444

140.911056

3231

2

Mud drape

      

Apr. 2011

NT14

38.144444

140.908222

3315

3

Mud drape

      

Apr. 2011

NT15

38.144639

140.907583

3386

5

Mud drape

      

Apr. 2011

NT16

38.146639

140.900778

4036

4

Mud drape

      

Apr. 2011

Watari

WT1

38.017056

140.915806

164

33

*

1.21

0.60

1.01

14.90

  

May 2011

WT2

38.017167

140.914667

269

19

*

1.49

0.38

    

May 2011

WT3

38.017167

140.913194

401

8

M.–c. sand graded upward into f. sand

      

May 2011

WT4

38.017889

140.912472

475

8

Laminated f. sand with a layer of heavy mineral concentration at the bottom

      

May 2011

WT5

38.017833

140.912389

485

14

*

1.72

2.06

1.62

5.55

  

Jan. 2012

WT6

38.018028

140.911167

601

7

*

1.75

1.36

1.48

27.22

  

Jan. 2012

WT7

38.018000

140.911083

614

8

Laminated f. sand on an undulating base

      

May 2011

WT8

38.019583

140.904139

1225

4

F. sand with a layer of heavy mineral concentration at the middle and a thin mud drape

      

May 2011

WT9

38.019611

140.903944

1257

4

*

2.34

57.90

1.74

39.75

  

Jan. 2012

WT10

38.018972

140.900500

1555

14

*

1.73

14.51

1.26

21.56

  

Jan. 2012

WT11

38.018972

140.900250

1574

5

C. sand graded into m. sand with a mud drape

      

May 2011

WT12

38.018944

140.898306

1716

9

*

1.80

6.65

1.14

29.50

  

May 2011

WT13

38.019139

140.898278

1736

3

*

2.49

59.69

1.64

22.21

  

Jan. 2012

WT14

38.018972

140.898111

1754

3

M. sand with a mud drape

      

May 2011

WT15

38.019500

140.890417

2442

7

*

2.75

69.06

0.69

29.16

  

Jan. 2012

WT16

38.019528

140.890250

2464

6

Muddy m. sand with a mud drape

      

May 2011

WT17

38.018750

140.888139

2620

4

F.–m. sand with a mud drape

      

Apr. 2011

Yamamoto

YM1

37.979722

140.913028

147

46

Repetition of graded layers; m.–c. sand graded upward into m. sand including shell fragments, then it inversely graded into c. sand including gravels. It graded into m. sand including many gravels and laminated f. sand which inversely graded into c. sand, and finally graded into m. sand at the top

      

Apr. 2011

YM2

37.979694

140.913028

154

65

Repetition of graded layers; f. sand inversely graded upward into m. sand and c. sand including gravels and shells. It graded into f.–m. sand which inversely graded into c. sand including gravels at the top

      

Apr. 2011

YM3

37.979833

140.912306

233

42

F. sand inversely graded upward into s. sand including gravels and shells, then it graded into m. sand and laminated f. sand

      

May 2011

YM4

37.979833

140.912250

240

30

*

1.23

0.55

1.59

9.36

  

Apr. 2011

YM5

37.979833

140.911472

303

28

C. sand including gravels graded upward into well-laminated vf.–f. sand, then it inversely graded into laminated m.–c. sand

      

Apr. 2011

YM6

37.979889

140.910778

370

15

*

1.54

0.75

1.56

2.73

  

Apr. 2011

YM7

37.979972

140.909333

495

13

*

1.36

1.38

1.35

5.64

  

Apr. 2011

YM8

37.979944

140.907944

605

18

*

1.49

1.32

1.46

3.41

  

Apr. 2011

YM9

37.979722

140.913194

709

13

*

1.59

1.06

1.33

2.68

  

Apr. 2011

YM10

37.980889

140.899361

1364

5

*

1.84

5.25

1.25

30.92

  

May 2011

YM11

37.982278

140.898194

1459

8

*

1.81

14.24

1.35

9.37

  

May 2011

YM12

37.982278

140.898194

1475

13

Lower laminated c. sand graded upward into m.–c. sand with mud drape, and upper laminated f.–m. sand

      

May 2011

YM13

37.980583

140.897250

1581

3

Vf. sandy mud and an intercalated thin f. sand layer

      

May 2011

YM14

37.981139

140.891194

2080

4

*

1.93

49.06

0.96

27.38

  

May 2011

YM15

37.980917

140.889111

2265

3

F. sand with a thin mud drape

      

May 2011

YM16

37.980694

140.887556

2407

0.5

F. sand graded upward into laminated vf. sand with a mud drape

      

May 2011

YM17

37.980278

140.884083

2705

1

Thin vf.–f. sand with a mud drape

      

May 2011

YM18

37.979917

140.882000

2894

0.7

Thin vf.–f. sand with a mud drape

      

May 2011

YM19

37.979806

140.881528

2938

2

*

2.55

96.63

1.51

46.07

  

Apr. 2011

YM20

37.979722

140.880361

3040

3

Patchy m.–c. sand at the bottom with a mud drape

      

May 2011

YM21

37.979556

140.879472

3117

2

Patchy f. sand at the bottom with a mud drape including a thin vf.–f. sand layer

      

May 2011

YM22

37.979639

140.878778

3173

1.5

Mud drape

      

May 2011

YM23

37.979306

140.878444

3210

1

Mud drape

      

May 2011

YM24

37.979528

140.877833

3267

0.7

Thin mud drape

      

May 2011

YM25

37.979944

140.877083

3331

0.5

Thin mud drape

      

May 2011

YM26

37.979250

140.876583

3364

7

M. sand with a mud drape

      

Apr. 2011

YM27

37.979194

140.876111

3417

0.5

Thin mud drape

      

Apr. 2011

Suijin-numa

SJ1

37.901361

140.925028

211

27

*

-0.47

1.20

    

Apr. 2011

SJ2

37.901722

140.921056

546

14

*

1.87

3.87

1.76

16.33

  

Apr. 2011

SJ3

37.901556

140.920278

611

13

*

2.42

25.40

1.54

15.79

  

Apr. 2011

SJ4

37.901194

140.918833

739

15

*

0.26

2.16

    

Apr. 2011

SJ5

37.902111

140.918472

757

11

*

2.06

26.95

1.89

34.97

  

Apr. 2011

SJ6

37.901056

140.916194

972

20

Repetition of m.–c. sand graded upward into f.–m. sand with a mud drape

      

Apr. 2011

SJ7

37.900972

140.916028

999

6

*

1.98

14.55

1.54

22.03

  

Apr. 2011

SJ8

37.899000

140.913583

1262

7

M.–c. sand graded upward into m. sandy mud, with rippled m. sand at the top

      

Apr. 2011

SJ9

37.897722

140.911083

1515

10

*

1.72

13.71

1.68

37.12

  

Apr. 2011

Shinchi

SN1

37.883673

140.929535

304

22

*

1.57

3.36

0.86

28.84

  

Jan. 2012

SN2

37.883595

140.929205

340

19

*

1.69

2.86

1.14

22.95

  

Jan. 2012

SN3

37.883384

140.928071

443

13

*

1.51

2.85

1.29

32.42

  

Jan. 2012

SN4

37.883308

140.927401

497

10

*

1.74

5.33

1.27

33.16

  

Jan. 2012

SN5

37.883265

140.925027

712

5

*

1.99

15.60

1.26

57.01

  

Jan. 2012

SN6

37.883229

140.923873

810

11

*

1.72

23.74

1.90

70.26

  

Jan. 2012

SN7

37.882565

140.919536

1203

6

*

1.72

4.11

1.54

43.94

  

Jan. 2012

SN8

37.883349

140.915971

1503

6

*

1.67

15.92

1.75

39.08

  

Jan. 2012

Odaka

OD1

37.550747

141.019985

809

8

*

1.24

15.15

2.20

57.97

30.82

1.41

Nov. 2015

OD2

37.550484

141.017983

983

12

*

1.04

4.19

2.44

42.84

43.72

2.11

Nov. 2015

OD3

37.550136

141.016356

1133

9

*

1.23

16.94

1.66

38.61

65.48

1.81

Nov. 2015

OD4

37.549779

141.014585

1300

11

*

1.46

6.95

1.73

35.73

58.51

2.39

Nov. 2015

OD5

37.549976

141.012122

1507

9

*

2.17

14.15

2.45

54.90

80.69

2.94

Nov. 2015

OD6

37.550007

141.010755

1620

8

*

2.12

12.63

2.23

62.12

72.38

2.72

Nov. 2015

OD7

37.549174

141.010189

1699

8

*

1.93

11.33

2.33

43.19

86.98

2.72

Nov. 2015

OD8

37.546408

141.004417

2271

0

*

  

2.41

41.63

  

Nov. 2015

  1. Descriptions of tsunami deposits are provided for 74 locations where no samples were taken. Asterisks in the “Description” column indicate the 49 sampling locations for which the location-averaged mean grain-size and mud contents of the tsunami deposits and underlying soil (and of the overlying mud drape in the Odaka area) are listed in the neighboring columns on the right. Columnar sections and vertical changes in the grain-size properties of the deposits at these locations are illustrated in Figs. 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12. Detailed descriptions of the locations are provided in Additional file 1