Fig. 4

The effect of base viscoelastic model on the 3-year postseismic deformation. a The surface displacement by base viscoelastic models with linear and power-law rheology. The surface displacements by base model without cold nose are illustrated by dotted lines. The 2-D viscosity profile depict the basic viscoelastic model with uniform viscosities for upper mantle and oceanic mantles. The flow vectors for power-law and linear model are also illustrated. b The viscous strains calculated over 3 years of postseismic deformation in the power-law and linear base models. The strain distribution is normalized by coseismic strain perturbation (normalized strain = total strain / coseismic strain change). Viscous strain is defined as the second invariant of the deviatoric strain tensor