Table 2 Fault parameters of previously proposed fault models used in this study

Aida (1977)

1611 CE Keicho

N/A

0

245

50

45

180

270

8

8.3

30

Aida (1978)

1968 CE Tokachi-oki

N/A

1

150

100

20

156

38

4

8.2

40

Satake et al. (2008)

Seventeenth century

N

17

200

100

20

228

90

5

8.5

40

T

17

100

100

20

228

90

10

Okamura and Namegaya (2011)

Identical event†

N

17

200

100

20

228

90

15

8.9

40

T

17

100

100

20

228

90

30

Hokkaido Disaster Prevention Council (2012)

N/A

1–4

5

280

70

10

235

90

35

9.2

40

5–6

5

140

70

10

225

90

35

7–10

17

280

70

20

235

90

30

11–12

17

140

70

20

225

90

30

Watanabe et al. (2012)

N/A

F1

0.2

40.5

3

45

N/A

90

5

N/A

N/A

F2

2.12

40.5

20

15

N/A

90

5

Imai et al. (2015) Case 1

1611 CE Keicho

11

34.11

N/A

50

22

N/A

86

7.5 ± 3.5

8.4–8.7

30

12

19.49

N/A

50

17

N/A

86

7.0 ± 3.1

13

9.09

N/A

50

12

N/A

86

5.5 ± 2.9

14

3

N/A

50

7

N/A

86

7.0 ± 3.4

21

34.11

N/A

50

22

N/A

86

7.3 ± 3.1

22

19.49

N/A

50

17

N/A

86

5.4 ± 2.2

23

9.09

N/A

50

12

N/A

86

4.5 ± 2.1

24

3

N/A

50

7

N/A

86

6.9 ± 2.9

31

34.11

N/A

50

22

N/A

86

3.9 ± 1.8

32

19.49

N/A

50

17

N/A

86

1.7 ± 0.9

33

9.09

N/A

50

12

N/A

86

3.3 ± 1.8

34

3

N/A

50

7

N/A

86

16.8 ± 1.7

Ioki and Tanioka (2016)

Seventeenth century

N

14

200

100

15

228

90

5

8.8

40

T

14

100

100

15

228

90

10

S

6.7

300

30

15

228

90

25

Cabinet Office (2020)

Sanriku-Hidaka model

3111 subfaults

–

–

–

–

–

–

14.755 (Average)

9.1

46.3

–

–

–

–

–

 –

 –

Yamanaka and Tanioka (2022)

1611 CE Keicho

N

0

100

75

8

193

81

20

8.5

20

S

0

75

75

8

193

81

30

Tohoku Electric Power (2016)

1968 CE Tokachi-Oki

N/A

6

150

100

20

195

76

6.9

8.4

50

Nakanishi and Okamura (2019)

1640 CE Komagatake

N/A

Initial water level = 110 m

–

–

–

–

–

–

8.2 (Tsunami Magnitude, Mt)