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Progress in Earth and Planetary Science
Fig. 1 | Progress in Earth and Planetary Science

Fig. 1

From: Numerical estimation of a tsunami source at the flexural area of Kuril and Japan Trenches in the fifteenth to seventeenth century based on paleotsunami deposit distributions in northern Japan

Fig. 1

Distribution map of the tsunami deposits around the seventeenth century along Kuril and Japan Trenches. The lettered color stars and circles indicate the locations of the tsunami deposits included in this study: a Sekinehama (Ishimura et al. 2022), b Odanosawa (Tanigawa et al. 2014), c Yufutsu–Atsuma–Mukawa (Takashimizu et al. 2007), d Kabari (Takashimizu et al. 2017), e Shiraoi (Nakanishi et al. 2014), f Kojohama (Nakanishi and Okamura 2019), g Oikamanai (Nanayama et al. 2002), h Harashinai (Takada et al. 2016), i Masaki (Takada et al. 2016), and j Takadai (Kase et al. 2022). The black frame indicates the Shimokita Peninsula, the white stars show the locations of historical and modern earthquake hypocenters (see Table 1 for detail), and the orange and light blue dashed lines show the thickness distribution of the 1640 CE Ko-d tephra (10 cm and > 0 cm contour lines) and 1633 CE Us-b tephra (10 cm contour line) (Nakamura 2016), respectively. The gray lines are bathymetric contour lines drawn at 1000 m intervals. The grayscale bar indicates bathymetry. The plate boundary was adapted from Iwasaki et al. (2015)

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