Fig. 9
Comparison between megathrust asperities and the slow earthquake distribution in the Japan Trench. a Megathrust asperities and epicenters of the slow earthquakes. b and c Enlarged views of the northern and southern Japan Trench, respectively. For an explanation of the symbols, refer to the legend in the figure. The megathrust asperities are from Nagai et al. (2001), Murotani et al. (2003), Yamanaka and Kikuchi (2004), Earthquake Research Center (2005), Mochizuki et al. (2008), Research Center for Seismology, Volcanology, and Disaster Mitigation (2008), Ohta et al. (2012), Kubo et al. (2013), and Kubo and Nishikawa (2020). The slip distribution of the March 11, 2011, Tohoku-Oki earthquake and the 1896 Meiji Sanriku tsunami earthquake is from Iinuma et al. (2012) and Tanioka and Seno (2001), respectively. The rupture initiation points of the 1968 Mw 8.2 Tokachi-Oki and 1994 Mw 7.7 Sanriku-Oki earthquakes are from the JMA catalog. The possible rupture area of the 1677 Enpo Boso-Oki tsunami earthquake is based on the Japan Society of Civil Engineers (2002). Small repeating earthquakes are from Uchida and Matsuzawa (2013). Repeating earthquakes included in earthquake swarms are based on Nishikawa and Ide (2018) and Nishikawa et al. (2019). Tectonic tremors are from Nishikawa et al. (2019) and this study. The VLFEs are from Baba et al. (2020). Short-term SSEs are from Ito et al. (2013), Nishimura (2021), and this study. The location of the subducting seamount in the southern Japan Trench is based on Mochizuki et al. (2008). The northeastern limit of the Philippine Sea Plate is from Uchida et al. (2009a). The intersection of slab and upper-plate Moho is based on Bassett et al. (2016)