Fig. 5From: Millennial-scale oscillations in the Kuroshio–Oyashio boundary during MIS 19 based on the radiolarian record from the Chiba composite section, central JapanSchematics of oceanographic conditions indicating a Oyashio expanded mode, likely present in late MIS 20 and characterized by high radiolarian productivity, and b neutral mode in MIS 19, when the Kuroshio–Oyashio layered structure was contracted, and c same conditions, but with Kuroshio extended mode when the layer structure was extendedBack to article page