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Progress in Earth and Planetary Science
Fig. 4 | Progress in Earth and Planetary Science

Fig. 4

From: Coupled investigations of ionosphere variations over European and Japanese regions: observations, comparative analysis, and validation of models and facilities

Fig. 4

Diurnal variations of electron and ion temperature, and electron density at 850 km (a–c), electron density at 508 km (d), and at 445 km (e). Solid red line is the FLIP model simulation with the hmF2 constraint together with doubled NRLMSISE-00 H density, dashed pink line – the same but with NRLMSISE-00 H density. Gray circles denote KhISR, blue triangles – DMSP, green diamonds – SWARM-A, orange squares – SWARM-B, cyan hexagons – SWARM-C observations respectively. On panel (a), dashed brown and dash-dotted green lines denote Te variation from TBT-2012+SA and TBT-2012 models respectively. Dash-dotted black line on panel (b) shows Ti variation from IRI-2016 model. On panels (c–e), dashed black line denotes NeQuick, dotted green – IRI-2001, dash-dotted brown lines – IRI-01corr models calculations respectively. The models predictions and Kharkiv ISR data are 3-h averaged

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