Fig. 9

a Temporal variation reflected in snapshots taken every ten minutes of the observed (colored dots) and simulated (colored lines) water levels in the cases with/without wind correction at the Mihogasaki (red) and Katayama (blue) gauge stations corresponding to S2 and N2, respectively, as shown in Fig. 1. b Scatter plots showing the observed and simulated water levels during the period of 14:00–19:00 JST on 4 September. The colors of the dots indicate the eleven gauge stations (N1–N6, S1–S5), as shown in Fig. 1