Table 3 Sites from which highly resolved paleoclimatic records of MIS 19 are available

ODP Site 983

Gardar Drift, North Atlantic

60.4° N, 23.6° W

Marine

Kleiven et al. (2011), Tzedakis et al. (2012b)

IODP Site U1313

Central North Atlantic

41° 00′ N, 32° 58′ W

Marine

Ferretti et al. (2015), Emanuele et al. (2015)

IODP Site U1385

Eastern North Atlantic off SW Portugal

37° 34.285′ N, 10° 7.562′ W

Marine

Sánchez-Goñi et al. (2016)

ODP Site 976

Alboran Sea, western Mediterranean

36° 12.3′ N, 4° 18.8′ W

Marine

Toti et al. (2020)

Valle di Manche

Calabria, southern Italy

39° 05′ 39″ N, 16° 55′ 13″ E

Marine

Capraro et al. (2004, 2005, 2019), Azzarone et al. (2018), Macrì et al. (2018), Rossi et al. (2018)

Montalbano Jonico

Basilicata, southern Italy

40° 17′ 30″ N, 16° 33′ 11″ E

Marine

Bertini et al. (2015), Marino et al. (2015, 2020), Maiorano et al. (2016), Simon et al. (2017), Nomade et al. (2019)’

Sulmona basin

Central Italy

42° 09′ 07″ N, 13° 49′ 15″ E

Lacustrine

Giaccio et al. (2013, 2015), Regattieri et al. (2019)

Piànico-Sèllere basin^a

Northern Italy

45° 48′ N, 10° 02′ E

Lacustrine

Moscariello et al. (2000), Scardia and Muttoni (2009), Roulleau et al. (2009)

Chiba composite section

East-central Japan

35° 16′ 51″ N, 140° 07′ 28″ E to 35° 18′ 38″ N, 140° 11′ 50″ E

Marine

Suganuma et al. (2015, 2018, in press), Haneda et al. (2020b), Kameo et al. (2020), Balota et al. (2021), Izumi et al. (2021), Kubota et al. (2021)

EPICA Dome C

Antarctica

75° 06′ S, 123° 21′ E

Ice sheet

Jouzel et al. (2007), Bazin et al. (2013), Bereiter et al. (2015)