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Progress in Earth and Planetary Science
Fig. 12 | Progress in Earth and Planetary Science

Fig. 12

From: Solar evolution and extrema: current state of understanding of long-term solar variability and its planetary impacts

Fig. 12

Evolution of stellar magnetic activity with age (reproduced from Vidotto et al. 2014). The large-scale magnetic field is measured in this sample of stars utilizing the Zeeman Doppler Imaging technique and shows a power law dependence between magnetic activity (y-axis) and age (x-axis). These observations of stronger magnetic output at young stellar ages suggest that the environment of the early, young Sun was relatively extreme, with more energetic storms, winds, and radiative output creating an intense space environment for Earth and other solar system planets

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