Fig. 12
From: Cold-based glaciation of Pavonis Mons, Mars: evidence for moraine deposition during glacial advance
Increased time resolution model output showing details of the change in ice flow velocity in response to ice accumulation and obliquity-driven temperature change. Highest ice flow velocities follow episodes of ice accumulation. a Basal ice temperature increases with ice thickness (due to thermal conduction of the geothermal flux), while variations over a shorter timescale result from top-down conduction of obliquity variations. b Surface ice velocity response to episodes of accumulation (blue obliquity peaks) and obliquity-driven temperature changes. Dashed line indicate direction of velocity wave propagation (toeward after accumulation events, e.g., near − 25 Myr, and possibly headward in response to obliquity-driven temperature change, e.g., at − 24.4 Myr)