Table 4 Physical processes in the NHRCM01

Microphysics

Bulk-type cloud microphysics (Ikawa et al. 1991)

Radiation process

Clear-sky radiation scheme (Yabu et al. 2005)

Cloud radiation scheme (Kitagawa 2000)

Boundary-layer process

Improved Mellor-Yamada-Nakanishi-Niino (MYNN) Level 3

(Nakanishi and Niino 2004)

Land-surface process

Improved MRI/JMA Simple Biosphere (iSiB) (Hirai and Oh’izumi 2004)

Urban model

Square Prism Urban Canopy Scheme (SPUC) with snow cover process

(Aoyagi and Seino 2011; Ito et al. 2018)