Fig. 10

Relationship between elastic thickness and depth of the brittle–ductile transition in each planet for various models. Calculations were performed using a constant strain rate of 10⁻¹⁷ s⁻¹, and the other parameters are the same as those in Figs. 8 and 9. The values of thermal gradient for the calculations are labeled for each model. The relationship differs among planets and for the presence/absence of water and clay mineral