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Fig. 1 | Progress in Earth and Planetary Science

Fig. 1

From: Future dynamic sea level change in the western subtropical North Pacific associated with ocean heat uptake and heat redistribution by ocean circulation under global warming

Fig. 1

Imposed surface flux perturbations in the North Pacific for a wind stress (arrows), b downward heat flux, and c downward water flux. These values are anomalies computed from the time mean of years 61–80 in the 1pct CO2 experiment relative to climatology in piControl. In a, colors indicate the stream function of the Sverdrup transport. The lower panels show the dynamic sea level changes of d the CMIP5 multi-model ensemble, e MIROC6, and f MIROC5.2. Time-averages are taken in years 61–80 of the 1pct CO2 experiments for CMIP5-MME and in years 51–90 for MIROC6 and MIROC5.2. Note that the basin average in the North Pacific is subtracted from the dynamic sea level change at each grid. Contours indicate piControl climatology. Dashed red and solid blue rectangles in e indicate the Kuroshio Extension recirculation (20° N–35° N, 140° E–160° E) and the Kuroshio Extension (33° N–37° N, 140° E–150° E) defined in the present study, respectively

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