Fig. 3
From: Model improvement and future projection of permafrost processes in a global land surface model
Latitudinal distributions of soil temperature in the historical simulations. Upper panels: the JJA, DJF, and annual average of soil temperature for the year 2000 in the improved version. Lower panels: the same as the upper panels but showing the differences between the improved and conventional versions. Vertical axis represents the soil depth [m], and the longitudinal average over land is shown. The average simulations with the atmospheric forcings of all five GCMs is shown