Fig. 11

Schematic summary of development and preservation of bivalve borings (Gastrochaenolites) in deep-water macroids and rhodoliths. a The juvenile bivalve growth rate is as rapid as the encrusting foraminiferal and coralline red algal growth rate. b In young bivalves, growth rate is higher than the host’s rate; these individuals cannot be embedded by the host and, therefore, die. c No adults are preserved unless phenotypic plasticity promoted small individuals. General growth curve of age-at-length boring bivalves after Bagur et al. (2013) and Peharda et al. (2015)