*2× CO2 | Fi | Fe | ΔTs | ΔTs/Fi | λ = ΔTs/Fe | Sources, notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
MIROC5 | 4.1 | 3.68 | 2.7 | 0.66 | 0.73 | IPCC AR5, fixed SST |
GISS-E2-R | 2.6 | 2.62 | 2.4 | 0.92 | 0.92 | IPCC AR5, fixed SST |
IPCC mean | 3.7 | 3.7 | 3.2 | 0.86 | 0.86 | IPCC AR5, fixed SST |
Hansen | 4.5 | 4.11 | 2 | 0.43 | 0.49 | Hansen et al. (2005) |
Samset | 3.8 | 3.8 | 2.1 | 0.55 | 0.55 | Smith et al. (2018), Table S2 |
*Sulfate | Â | Â | Â | 1.31 | Â | Â |
This study | − 0.2 | − 0.61 | − 0.4 | 2.00 | 0.66 | Suzuki and Takemura (2019) |
Hansen | − 0.6 | − 1.485 | − 1.1 | 1.82 | 0.74 | Hansen et al. (2005), 2× sulfate; divided by 2 and added indirect |
Stohl |  | − 0.86 | − 0.7 |  | 0.81 | Stohl et al. (2015), model mean of land temperature change |
Samset |  | − 3.6 | − 2.3 |  | 0.64 | Samset et al. (2016) |
Smith |  | − 0.7 | − 0.5 |  | 0.71 | Smith et al. (2018), 5× sulfate; divided by 5 |
*BC | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
This study | 0.15 | 0.076 | 0.02 | 0.16 | 0.26 | Takemura and Suzuki (2019) |
Hansen | 1.28 | 0.99 | 0.40 | 0.33 | 0.40 | Hansen et al. (2005), BC |
Stohl |  | 0.33 | 0.05 |  | 0.15 | Stohl et al. (2015), model mean of land temperature change, FF + BB, all land emission |
Myhre |  | 0.096 | 0.08 |  | 0.83 | Myhre et al. (2017), Stjern et al. (2017), PDRMIP (mean), 10 BC; divided by 10 |
Smith |  | 0.12 | 0.07 |  | 0.58 | Smith et al. (2018), 10 BC; divided by 10 |