A development of reduction scenarios of the short-lived climate pollutants (SLCPs) for mitigating global warming and environmental problems

Progress in Earth and Planetary Science

Table 1 Reported values of instantaneous and effective RFs (Wm^-2), F_i and F_e, and their ratio γ = F_e/F_i

*2 × CO₂	Fi	Spread	Fe	Spread	γ = Fe/Fi	Sources, notes
MIROC5	4.08		3.68		0.91	Provided by M. Yoshimori, AORI, University of Tokyo
Hansen	4.52		4.11		0.91	Hansen et al. (2005)
Smith	2.62		3.7		1.41	Smith et al. (2018)
*Aerosols
Shindell-1	− 0.26		− 1.17		4.50	Shindell et al. (2013), ACCMIP model
IPCC aerosol-2	− 0.42	±0.24	− 1.92	± 1.0	4.57	IPCC (2013), Fig. 7.19, aeosol RFari (CMIP5)
Shindell-2	− 0.39		− 1.17		3.00	Shindell et al. (2013), including missing components (nitrate and SOA)
GISS-E2-R	− 0.49		− 1.1		2.24	Shindell et al. (2013)
IPCC aerosol-1	− 0.45	± 0.50	− 0.9	aci: − 0.71 to 0	2.00	IPCC (2013), Figs. TS6 and 7
*Sulfate
This study	− 0.2		– 0.61		3.02	Takemura and Suzuki (2019)
IPCC sulfate	− 0.41	± 0.21	− 0.87	± 0.9	2.12	IPCC (2013), Fig. TS7 sulfate, 1850–2000; Aci of aerosol; ari + aci uncertainty of aerosols
Hansen	− 0.63		− 1.49		2.36	Hansen et al. (2005), 2× sulfate; divided by 2 and added indirect
GISS-E2-R	− 0.37		− 0.61		1.65	Shindell et al. (2013)
*BC
This study	0.148		0.008		0.51	Takemura and Suzuki (2019), Suzuki and Takemura (2019)
Hansen	1.28		0.99		0.77	Hansen et al. (2005)
GISS-E2-R	0.24		0.46		1.92	Shindell et al. (2013)
Hodnebrog	0.35		0.09		0.25	Hodnebrog et al. (2014)
NICAM (×10)	0.77		0.32		0.42	This study, Goto et al. (2020)
NICAM (×5)	0.38		0.14		0.36	This study, Goto et al. (2020)