Fig. 8From: Estimation of temporal and spatial variation of sound speed in ocean from GNSS-A measurements for observation using moored buoySchematic diagrams drawing a azimuth angle ϕ of horizontal gradient of slowness; b azimuth angle ψi of unit position xu,i; c incident angle θi,k of acoustic signal from buoy xs,k to seafloor unit xu,i; d azimuth angle γ of displacement vector δxBack to article page