Fig. 2

Snapshot of DYAMOND models. A snapshot of the models taken from the perspective of the Himawari 8 is shown. The images are for the cloud scene on 4 August 2016 and are qualitatively rendered based on each model’s condensate fields to illustrate the variety of convective structures resolved by the models and difficulty of distinguishing them from actual observations. From left to right: IFS-4 km, IFS-9 km, and NICAM (top row); ARPEGE, Himawari, and ICON (second row); FV3, GEOS5, and UKMO (third row); and SAM and MPAS (bottom row)