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Progress in Earth and Planetary Science
Fig. 2 | Progress in Earth and Planetary Science

Fig. 2

From: Simulation study of near-Earth space disturbances: 2. Auroral substorms

Fig. 2

Field-aligned current in the ionosphere (negative upward). The contour line indicates the ionospheric electric potential at an interval of 5 kV. The solid and dashed lines indicate the positive and negative potentials, respectively. The Sun is towards the top. The lower boundary is located at 65 magnetic latitudes (MLATs). (Adapted from Ebihara and Tanaka (2018))

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