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Progress in Earth and Planetary Science
Fig. 2 | Progress in Earth and Planetary Science

Fig. 2

From: Day-to-day and short-term variabilities in the equatorial plasma bubble/spread F irregularity seeding and development

Fig. 2

Variations in the IMF Bz from ACE satellite on 23 and 25 September 2001 (green and pink curves, respectively) (top panel), auroral indices AE/AO for the same 2 days, from WDC Kyoto site (second and third panel), and vertical drift Vz (that is, d(hF)/dt) over Fortaleza (bottom panel). The Vz values were calculated at plasma frequencies 6 MHz and 7 MHz. They are shown for 23 and 25 September, respectively, in green and pink, together with a quiet day reference (in blue). The ESF occurrence staring at 2140 UT on 25 September is indicated by vertical bars

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