Perspective on the response of marine calcifiers to global warming and ocean acidification—Behavior of corals and foraminifera in a high CO2 world “hot house”

Progress in Earth and Planetary Science

Table 2 Global carbon exchange between land, inland waters, ocean, and atmosphere since the industrial era

	Pg C year⁻¹	References
CO₂ Consumption by chemical weathering of silicates in Himalayan River Basins	0.012	Manaka et al. (2015a, b)
CO₂ Consumption by chemical weathering of carbonates in Himalayan River Basins	0.024	Manaka et al. (2015a, b)
Global CO₂ consumption by chemical weathering of silicates	0.132	Gaillardet et al. (1999); Manaka et al. (2015a, b)
Global CO₂ consumption by chemical weathering of carbonates	0.149	Gaillardet et al. (1999); Manaka et al. (2015a, b)
CO₂ release to the atmosphere by fossil fuel use and cement production	7.8	IPCC (2013)
CO₂ release to the atmosphere by anthropogenic land Use change	1.1
Total terrestrial photosynthesis	123.0
Total terrestrial respiration	118.7
Net atmospheric CO₂ uptake by terrestrial biosphere	4.3
Total soil carbon input from land to inland waters	1.9	Regnier et al. (2013)
Global riverine flux of carbon to the ocean	1.06	Li et al. (2017)
CO₂ release from inland waters to the atmosphere	1.1	Regnier et al. (2013)