Fig. 20From: Perspective on the response of marine calcifiers to global warming and ocean acidification—Behavior of corals and foraminifera in a high CO2 world “hot house”Schematic diagram of ocean acidification and the buffering system in the Earth’s surface system. Chemical weathering is important and acts as a neutralizing process. The level of CO2 is a secondarily important factor. The most important factor is “Changing SPEED.” A natural neutralizing system such as chemical weathering cannot catch up too rapid a global environmental change under modern conditions or at the P/E boundary (Kawahata et al. 2015)Back to article page