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Progress in Earth and Planetary Science
Fig. 15 | Progress in Earth and Planetary Science

Fig. 15

From: Toward reduction of the uncertainties in climate sensitivity due to cloud processes using a global non-hydrostatic atmospheric model

Fig. 15

Cloud feedback parameters (W m−2 K−1) contributed from cloud radiative effects. Cloud categories follow those described in Fig. 7. “Inv” means invisible clouds. Longwave (red), shortwave (blue), and net cloud radiations (black) are derived from NICAM (rhombus), CMIP3 (left panel, dot), and CMIP5 models (right panel, dots). Ensemble means of CMIP3 and CMIP5 models are shown as bars. For NICAM, outputs of present-day (1979–2003) and future (2075–2099) climate simulations are used. Cloud feedback parameters of CMIP3 and CMIP5 models were provided by Dr. Mark Zelinka and are the same as in Fig. 8 of Zelinka et al. (2012) except that a small bug has been fixed

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