Fig. 4From: Post-sunset rise of equatorial F layer—or upwelling growth?Scatter plot of vertical velocities calculated from Δh’F/Δt over HUA, versus those from the Doppler velocity of IS returns measured with the JIC radar. The points, shown as blue circles with white fill, were scaled and replotted from a figure in Rastogi et al. (1991). The red dots represent averages of Δh’F/Δt values that are clustered about a plotted V z F value. The label for zero velocity has a question mark because there may be points included that are not from the end of the PSSR. Inset: mean SSNs for years 1960 to 1980 (red), and 1990 to 2010 (green)Back to article page