Table 2 Simulation parameters of the pressure-driven flow scenario, where \(u_{\tau }=\sqrt {\tau _{w}/\rho _{f}}\) is the friction velocity at the fluid/particle interface, U _b is the bulk (average) velocity of the fluid, τ _w is the shear stress at the fluid/particle interface, ν _f the kinematic viscosity, L _x , L _y , and L _z are the spatial extents of the computational domain in the Cartesian space, and h is the grid cell size

Re = U _b L _y /ν _f

9.9

D ⁺ = u _τ D _p /ν _f

0.39

Sh = τ _w /[(ρ _p −ρ _f )gD]

0.97

ρ _p /ρ _f

2.1

L _x × L _y × L _z

11.26D _p × 22.52D _p × 11.26D _p

h _f /D _p

8.7

D _p /h

22.7