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Table 1 List of symbols, where A ∗ and A are arbitrary quantities written dimensionally or non-dimensionally, respectively

From: Towards a seamlessly diagnosable expression for the energy flux associated with both equatorial and mid-latitude waves

\(f^{*}=f^{*}_{0} + \beta ^{*} y^{*}\)

Coriolis parameter

c ∗

Speed of long gravity wave

x,y,t

Cartesian coordinates wherein x and y increase eastward and northward

〈 〈a,b〉 〉

Horizontal vector with eastward and northward components a and b

V=〈 〈u,v〉 〉

Horizontal velocity vector

∇≡〈 〈∂ x ,∂ y 〉 〉

Horizontal gradient operator

p

Pressure

q≡v x −u y −y p

Linearized Ertel’s potential vorticity: \(q^{*} \equiv v^{*}_{x^{*}}-u^{*}_{y^{*}} - (f^{*}/{c^{*}}^{2}) p^{*}\)

φ

Solution of ∇2 φ−y 2 φ−3φ tt =q, see (16) & (17a)

φ app

Solution of ∇2 φ app−y 2 φ app=q, see (26a) & (18a)

(u 2+v 2+p 2)/2

Wave energy: (u ∗ 2+v ∗ 2+p ∗ 2/c ∗ 2)/2

θ=k x−ω t

Wave phase

k

Zonal wavenumber

ω

Wave frequency

H (n)

Hermite polynomial, see endnote 1

n

Meridional mode number of free equatorial waves

\(\overline {A}\)

Phase average of A