Fig. 4

(i) The distribution of G. ruber and Tsushima Current molluscs in interglacials of the Omma Formation (adapted from Kitamura and Kimoto 2006) correlated to the LR04 benthic stack of Lisiecki and Raymo (2005). The red dots (1.6 to 1 Ma) are interglacials where migratory Indo-Pacific Warm Pool benthic foraminifera are present (Hoiles et al. 2012). Red dots at 0 and ~3 Ma are Warm Pool benthic foram ingressions described in Gallagher et al. (2009). Reconstructions of the paleogeography of the Tsushima Strait after 1.6 Ma (ii) and prior to 1.7 Ma (iii) adapted from Kitamura and Kimoto (2006)