Figure 4From: Modeling in Earth system science up to and beyond IPCC AR5 Modeled and observed air temperatures and precipitations for the 1990 to 1999 mean. (a) Temperature modeled by JUMP-LCM (Tachiiri et al. [2010]). (b) Observed temperature (NCEP data). (c) (a) minus (b) (unit: degree C) (d, e, f) For precipitation (unit: mm/year).Back to article page