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Table 2 Summary of discharge budget for the six major Arctic river basins

From: Influence of snowmelt on increasing Arctic river discharge: numerical evaluation

Watershed

Total

Surface runoff

Subsurface runoff

Ob

583.7 ± 77.9 (+ 2.68*)

460.4 ± 64.9 (+ 1.66)

123.2 ± 37.8 (+ 1.02*)

Yenisey

737.4 ± 155.1 (+ 1.44)

518.3 ± 93.1 (+ 1.28)

219.1 ± 62.0 (+ 0.16)

Lena

547.3 ± 69.4 (+ 1.96*)

369.7 ± 34.7 (+ 0.77)

177.6 ± 56.2 (+ 1.19)

Kolyma

117.1 ± 21.2 (+ 0.73*)

86.4 ± 16.2 (+ 0.38*)

30.7 ± 10.8 (+ 0.35*)

Mackenzie

322.6 ± 39.3 (+ 1.50*)

244.4 ± 32.4 (+ 0.98*)

78.2 ± 19.4 (+ 0.53*)

Yukon

131.2 ± 21.5 (− 0.22)

82.0 ± 17.2 (− 0.36)

49.3 ± 12.7 (+ 0.14)

  1. Values represent the annual mean volume (km3, with standard deviation) during the study period 1979–2018. Parentheses indicate trends of discharge variables during the study period, in which asterisks represent statistical significance at the 95% confidence level